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Concern For Prisoners of War, Inc.

Suite 515 • 861 6th Avenue • San Diego, California • 92101 • (714) 235-6328

BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Robert F. Frishman	Ex-POW
Francis Gary Powers	Ex-POW
Carolyn Hogan	Private Citizen
Roger Chapin	Businessman
Waleria Clark	POW Wife
Gladys Fleckenstein	POW Mother
Sharon Schamp	Private Citizen
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February, 1972

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(bold lettering) Over 1,600 Americans are missing in action or are prisoners in Southeast Asia.
Do something -spend 5 minutes- write a letter.

SOME AMERICANS WILL SOON BE STARTING THEIR NINTH YEAR OF CAPTIVITY! UNBELIEVABLE! A period longer than all of the combined periods of imprisonment for POWs in World War I (one year, seven months); World War II (three years, nine months), and the Korean War (three years, one month). More than 1,600 U.S. citizens are currently Prisoners of War or Missing and believed to be Prisoners of War. They are held captive in North Vietnam and in jungle prison camps operated by the Viet Cong, the Pathet Lao and other communist forces. Not one is accorded the protections of the Geneva Conventions (signed by North Vietnam and some 120 other nations). The Conventions, among other things, specifically require: 1. Identification of the prisoner. 2. Regular communication between the prisoner and his family. 3. Neutral inspection of the prison facilities, and 4. Repatriation of the sick and wounded. North Vietnam and her communist allies refuse to abide by these basic requirements of human decency.

HELP US HELP THEM: There is much you can do. If you believe that our country will get the POWs back as a normal course of action once hostilities end, you are dreadfully mistaken! We left 389 known American POWs behind in Korea. They have been written off as dead. We don't want this to happen again. There is much you can do:
1. Write to the members of the Congress (use our form letter if you prefer) and express your concern for our missing men. Tell Congress you agree with our President's Eight-Point Peace Proposal.
2. Encourage organizations and groups to sponsor letter-writing campaigns.
3. Arrange for a speaker from "Concern" to address your group.
4. Wear a POW bracelet to honor our missing men, with a solemn vow not to remove it until they are returned.
5. Be an office volunteer for "Concern."
6. Contact us for appropriate church programs, information on "adopting" a POW and a detailed answer to the question, "What can I do to help?"

ABOUT CONCERN FOR PRISONERS OF WAR, INC: "Concern" draws most of its strength from its President, Lt Bob Frishman, USNR, who was shot down over Hanoi by two Surface-to-Air-Missiles and subsequently spent 683 days of his life in a communist prison, the infamous Hanoi Hilton.
"Concern" was incorporated (#612921) under the Corporation Code of the State of California, on December 1, 1970. The tax exempt status by the Internal Revenue Service was established on June 30, 1971, and our Employer Identification Number is 23 7117680. All donations are tax exempt.
We have carried 26 million letters to the Hanoi Legation in Paris; sponsored a POW Golf Tribute with Bing Crosby as Co-Chairman; re-created the original Pony Express ride by moving horses and riders 2,600 miles to carry POW mail and gain evidence that the list of POWs put out by Hanoi is full of discrepancies; sponsored a POW/City Adoption Program in San Diego, and made hundreds of TV, radio, and public speaking engagements. We will do anything and everything in our quest to get the communist to publish a complete list of POWs, to seek humane treatment, and the assurance of the safe release for these 1,600 heroes of our country.
Money collected during our various campaigns and activities pays for essentials. Such things as traveling expenses, stationery, printing costs, a wild amount of postage, and an unbelievable phone bill; in addition to the salary of a secretary who worked six months "for free" before we started to pay her a salary and a salaried director (Retired, USAF) who keeps all the volunteers busy and provides continuity for all the varied programs. All additional money is pledged to an Educational Trust Fund for the children of the missing men who do not return.
Our country rallied magnificently over 188 men at the Alamo; 260 lost during the sinking of the USS MAINE, and 1,103 men who went down with the USS ARIZONA. CAN WE DO LESS FOR OUR 1,600 MISSING MEN WHO NEED US NOW?
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P.O.W's NEVER HAVE A NICE DAY
Concern for POW's, Inc., San Diego, CA

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JOINT RESOLUTION
(ACCOUNTING AND RETURN OF ALL AMERICAN PRISONERS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA)

(Memorialize) the President and his Representatives to secure an accurate accounting and insure the return of all American servicemen and civilians held Prisoners of War by the North Vietnamese, by the National Liberation Front, and Viet Cong forces, and by the Pathet Lao forces; as an integral part of our country's ending the conflict in Southeast Asia.
Details sampling of discrepancies in list of American Prisoners of War published by the Government of the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam (North Viet Nam) in November, 1970, and states the refusal of the Congress to accept such list as complete; deplores the lack of such list from the National Liberation Front and the Pathet Lao.
WHEREAS, Of the 1,600 known Prisoners of War and Missing in North Viet Nam, South Viet Nam, and Laos, only 339 have been identified officially by the North Vietnamese as being held captive, and none have been identified by the National Liberation Front and Pathet Lao; and,
WHEREAS, Navy Lieutenant Ronald Dodge of California, shot down, May 17, 1967, over North Viet Nam, was seen to be surrounded by the North Vietnamese on the ground and reported via radio, "I am breaking up my radio;' and was seen in a full page photograph in PARIS MATCH magazine, September 9, 1967, between two North Vietnamese guards walking towards the camera in a location identified by a Dutch photographer as Hanoi; but the North Vietnamese claim Lt Dodge "never detained in North Viet Nam;" and,
WHEREAS, Lt Cmdr Milton Vescelius of California, shot down, September 21, 1967, was seen by his wingman to wave from the ground and then to be captured alive and led away; but the North Vietnamese claim Lt Cmdr "never detained in North Viet Nam;" and,

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WHEREAS, Air Force Major Wilmer N. Grubb of Virginia, shot down and captured, January 26, 1966, was extensively photographed, but the North Vietnamese and both his photographs and tapes of his voice were released for more than a year after that date, and he looks alert and healthy with only an apparent slight wound to his knee which is completely visible, and a full-body photograph (He can be seen to walk effortlessly towards the camera.); but in 1971, the North Vietnamese claim Major Grubb died nine days after his capture from injuries received in a crash." (He parachuted.); and,
WHEREAS, Air Force Major Donovan Lyon of California, shot down with his co- pilot, March 22, 1968, over Laos, has never been heard from, but his co-pilot was seen twice in a Hanoi prison camp by American Prisoners of War since released, but the North Vietnamese claim never to have seen either man; and,
WHEREAS, Navy Lieutenants Walter Estes of Michigan, and James Teague of Arkansas, shot down in a single aircraft, November 19, 1967, were identified two days later in a Hanoi wire photo monitored in Warsaw by Associated Press which carried their I.D. card photos with those of Lt Cmdr Paul Schulz and Lieutenant Theodore Stier, whose names appear on a Hanoi list, and the accompanying Hanoi caption reads, "Some of the U.S. Air Pirates shot down by North Viet Nam (Sic) Air Forces and People during recent days ... " "Captured over Haiphong .... " but the North Vietnamese now claim Lts Teague and Estes "never detained in Viet Nam;" and,
WHEREAS, Air Force Captain Richard H. Van Dyke of Utah, was seen to eject safely from a crippled jet and parachuted to the ground, was obviously the subject of a story three days later in Hanoi newspaper, NHAN DAN, described the same incident and site and claimed the capture of an "air pirate" without naming him; but the North Vietnamese claim Van Dyke never detained in North Viet Nam; and,
WHEREAS, the above are only a few examples of similar evidence of discrepancies, and even though one or two might be explained as the vagaries of war, the multitude of such evidence irresistibly indicates glaring errors in the so-called "complete and official list;" and,

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WHEREAS, Former prisoners of war released from Hanoi prison camps and quoted as saying "We have seen men in those camps that are not on that list;" and,
WHEREAS, Attorney Henry Aronson after a recent trip to Hanoi as a guest of the North Vietnamese, stated he felt the list to be incomplete from conversations he had with Hanoi officials; and,
WHEREAS, Intelligence reports indicate many prisoners of the Viet Cong and Pathet Lao are being moved to Hanoi; and,
WHEREAS, the Viet Cong and Pathet Lao unequivocally have refused to publish a list of prisoners in spite of the fact that more than 450 Americans are missing in South Viet Nam and more than 250 in Laos; and,
WHEREAS, United States Government has not made a strong enough public issue of such discrepancies; and,
WHEREAS, There still remain 389 known prisoners in the Korean conflict unaccounted for, suggesting the dangers of silence on such issues; and,
WHEREAS, The Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, which the North Vietnamese signed in 1957, mandates the publishing of a complete list of prisoners captured and the neutral inspection of detention camps to verify such list; and,
WHEREAS, The Legislators of California, Washington, and several other States memorialize the Congress to make a stronger issue of such discrepancies;
BE IT RESOLVED BY THE SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE UNITED STATES JOINTLY, That the Congress respectfully memorialize the President and his Representatives to use every means at his disposal to secure an accurate and complete accounting of the American Servicemen missing throughout North Viet Nam, South Viet Nam, and Laos; and,
WHEREAS BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, That any agreement with regard to ending the present conflict in Southeast Asia be incomplete and inadequate without the tangible assurance of the identification and return of all American Prisoners.

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DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF NORTH VIETNAM

Violation of 1949 Geneva Convention
RELATIVE TO THE TREATMENT OF PRISONERS OF WAR*

(to which the DRV acceded in 1957)

(black and white drawn image of a male POW)

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ARTICLE 	REQUIREMENT	DRV Performance
13	PWs must be humanely treated, protected; reprisals against PWs prohibited.	Paraded in streets, forced to make statements; some torture.

21	PWs not to be held in "close confinement."	Many PWs held in solitary confinement for years.

23	Mark PW camps so as visible from air, give information on camp locations.	No marking on camps; location concealed.

26	Provide sufficient food, prevent loss of weight, take account of normal diet.	Released PWs state that standard fare consists of pumpkin soup, rice, bread, pig fat. All PWs underweight and suffering from malnutrition

30	Adequate medical care.	Much evidence of inadequate medical care (photos, released PWs); prisoners dying in camps.

34	Regular religious services.	Only evidence in films of some Christmas services.

70	Write to family within one week of capture.	Some have not written for five years.

71	Minimum of 2 letters and 4 cards a month.	Average of 2-3 letters per year (none at all for some.)

72	Free receipt of parcels.	DRV states that PWs can receive a package every other month. Evidence indicates delivery is irregular; parcels sent to "dead" not returned.

109	Immediate repatriation of seriously sick and wounded. Release of PWs long held in captivity.	No regular release of sick and wounded or long held PWs; state of health or duration of imprisonment has not appeare to be a determining factor in those releases which have taken place.

120	Advise of deaths in captivity, full official information on circumstances, cause, burial, grave identification.	Rare assertion of death through unofficial and irregular channels, no details.

122	Advise promptly names of all PWs held.	Never released official or complete list.

126	Neutral inspection of all camps, interview of PWs without witnesses.	No inspection; propaganda interviews only.

* Released by U.S. Ambassador Bruce at December 1, 1970, press conference in Paris.

Reproduced from the Department of Defense, Commanders Digest, 16 Jan 71
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5/3/72

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Concern For Prisoners of War, Inc.
Suite 515 • 861 6th. Avenue • San Diego, California • 92101 • (714) 235-6328

Dear Members of Congress:

As our troops withdraw from Vietnam, and all America looks forward to the end of this tragic war, the plight of our missing men becomes more urgent.

We must never again repeat the tragedy of not demanding a full accounting of our men prior to the cessation of hostilities as we did in North Korea. To this day, our government is still attempting to get information on the 389 men whom they had evidence were prisoners from that conflict. For 18 years, the Communists have refused to discuss the fate of these men.

This time we must have a full accounting, via a neutral inspection team, such as the International Red Cross, to determine which men are prisoners. In the event of death, the next of kin must receive full official information on the circumstances, cause, burial, and grave identification.

Regardless of any personal views on the morality or purpose of the war in Southeast Asia, no American of good conscience can deny his responsibility towards those who serve our country.

We implore you as an elected representative of the people to insist that the inspection determining the status of the MIAs-POWs be an integral part of any negotiations towards the settlement of this war and that our government give top priority towards the full accounting of these men. As we do to all Americans, we appeal to you to rise above political and ideological differences to join together in a strong united voice to demand the identification and assurance of the return of all Prisoners of War in Southeast Asia before our country makes any more concessions.

Hopefully, this long war will soon be over, so we must act immediately if we are to ensure the safe return of all our Prisoners of War.

Respectfully,

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PLEASE RETURN SIGNED LETTERS TO CONCERN FOR PRISONERS OF WAR, INC. DELIVERY TO CONGRESS IS GUARANTEED.
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P.O.W's NEVER HAVE A NICE DAY
Concern for POW's, Inc., San Diego, CA