Memorandum Date: June 8, 1993 To: Senator Dole From: Alec Vachon (initialed) Re: Betts Award Jury You have been asked to serve on the 1993 jury for the Henry B. Betts Award, which "honors a living individual who has made outstanding contributions to improving the quality of life for people with physical disabilities." You have been a juror since the Award's inception in 1990, with Mo representing you. DO YOU WANT TO BE A BETTS AWARD JUROR? _(indicated)_ Yes, and represent me on the jury. _Yes, but I will participate myself. _No, decline any participation. Re: FYI/ Dole Foundation Betts Nominee The Dole Foundation has nominated Hugh Gallagher (nomination papers attached). Paralyzed by polio at age 19 (1952), he is a wheelchair user and a groundbreaking advocate and writer: -- as a Senate aide, drafted the first federal disability rights law, the Architectural Barriers Act of 1968. -- wrote 'FDR: The Splendid Deception' (1968), documenting for the first time the efforts to keep from the public the fact FDR was unable to walk. -- wrote 'By Trust Betrayed: Patients, Physicians, and the License to Kill in the Third Reich' (1990), about Nazi program of euthanasia against the disabled. Your blurb on the dust jacket reads: "This shocking account of disabled people's fight for their lives has lessons for today. Read it." Hugh is a close friend of Dr. Sandy Glazer, who headed the Health Care Committee of the Dole '88 Presidential campaign. Lastly, Gallagher has Kansas roots. His great-grandfather, Timothy Ladd Smith, homesteaded in Gove County (60 miles from Russell) in the 1800s. He assembled the 15,000-acre "Tiffany Ranch"; Hugh and his sister own 50% of the remaining 3,000 acres. His grandmother, Maryladd Smith Wakefield, graduated from KU at the turn of the century. (page 2) The Henry B. Betts Award 1993 Nomination Form NOMINEE Mr./ Ms.-Name _Hugh Gallagher Position or Title _ Organization _ Address 7600 Cabin John Road City Cabin John State MD Zip 20818 Area Code 301 Phone (Day) 229-3456 Area Code_ Phone (Evening)_ NOMINATOR Mr./Ms.-Name: Paul G. Hearne Position or Title: President Organization: The Dole Foundation for Employment of People with Disabilities Address: 1819 H Street, N.W. City: Washington State: DC Zip: 20006 Area Code: 202 Phone (Day): 457-0318 Area Code: _ Phone (Evening): _ BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH PLEASE PROVIDE A BRIEF BIOGRAPHICAL PROFILE OF THE NOMINEE. The profile is to be typed and limited to this side of the form. Gallagher, Hugh Gregory, writer, consultant, b. Palo Alto, CA, Oct. 18, 1932; BA (magna cum laude), Claremont Men's Coll., 1956; BA, MA, Oxford (Eng.) Univ., 1959. Marshall Scholar, Oxford Univ., 1956-59; legis. asst., U.S. Senator John A. Carroll, 1959­62; admin. asst., U.S. Senator E.L. Bartlett, 1962-66, 67-68; legis. coord., Bureau of Budget, Exec. Office of the President, 1966-67; Washington rep., British Petroleum, 1968­74; consultant gov't affairs, 1974-Pres.; Visiting Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Int'l Ctr. for Scholars, Smithsonian Institution, 1981-82; Kennedy Inst. Bioethics Scholar, Georgetown Univ., 1987-89; consult., Library of Congress, 1989-91; consult., U.S. Holocaust Museum, 1992. Author: Architectural Barriers Act of 1968 (P.L. 90-480); Advise and Obstruct: The Role of United States Congress in Foreign Policy Decisions (Delacorte Press), 1969 (Pulitzer Prize Nominee); Etok, A Story of Eskimo Power (G.P. Putnam's Sons), 1974; FDR: A Splendid Deception (Dodd, Mead), 1985 (Best Book of the Year, President's Committee on Employment of People with Disabilities, 1986; Medal, United Nations Writers Society, 1991 ); By Trust Betrayed: Patients, Physicians, and the License to Kill in the Third Reich (Henry Holt), 1990; contr. articles to NY Times, Washington Post, Bull. Atomic Scientists, other jours. Subject film, "Coming to Terms", 1991 (awarded Blue Ribbon, American Film & Video Festival). (Profile adapted from Who's Who, 1992.) (page 3) The Henry B. Betts Award 1993 Nomination Form Page 2 of 3 SUMMARY OF NOMINEE'S CONTRIBUTIONS TO IMPROVING QUALITY OF LIFE FOR PEOPLE WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITIES Summarize the reasons for the nomination. The summary is to be typed and limited to the space on this side of the form. For over thirty years, Hugh Gallagher has sought to improve the quality of life of people with disabilities in two fundamental and essential respects: First, as an advocate, Gallagher has led the fight for disability rights, by pressing for accessibility of public buildings through direct action and legislation; Second, as an author, he has expanded our knowledge of the history of disability, and has lifted the "historical amnesia" around two important episodes: concerted efforts to keep from the American public the extent of FDR's disability, and the mass killing of people with disabilities during Third Reich. His books contain important lessons of continuing and contemporary significance. Gallagher's work reflects his personal experience with disability. In 1952, at the age of 19 and then a junior in college, Gallagher developed polio. For six weeks he was completely paralyzed and encased in an iron lung. Since then, he has been a wheelchair user. His disability prompted his: • Personal Fight for Accessibility. One example: In the early 1960's as an aide to Senator E.L. Bartlett of Alaska, Gallagher wanted to be able to enter the National Gallery of Art unassisted, but the lack of a ramped entrance made this impossible. He wrote to the Gallery asking for a ramp at the Constitution Avenue entrance, and was told that a ramp would "destroy the architectural integrity of the building." Gallagher eventually got his wish, following an appeal by Senator Bartlett to the Gallery's board of directors. A temporary, nearly invisible wooden ramp was installed in 1965, which today, covered by about an inch of paint, still serves. Among the many other buildings ramped because of his efforts were the Kennedy Center and Dulles Airport. • Legislative Activity. To redress such injustices he and many others routinely encountered, in 1966 Gallagher wrote an accessibility bill with the assistance of Senate Legislative Counsel. As he recalls, he wanted a bill that was "short and simple and that would put In a civil rights context," the mandate that "buildings constructed wholly or in part with federal funds be available to all citizens." On January 12, 1967, in the opening days of the 90th Congress, Senator Bartlett Introduced this bill, later en­acted as the Architectural Barriers Act of 1968. As described in the accompanying page, this legislation was the nation's first disability rights statute. • Writer and Historian. FDR: A Splendid Deception was the first study of the impact of disability on President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, and how FDR was able to function (and at what sacrifice) In a time of much prejudice against the disabled. In another book, Gallagher documented a national program of euthanasia of people with disabilities in the Third Reich, the complicity of physicians, and the implications for any state-sanctioned program of euthanasia. Because of his work, the U.S. Holocaust Museum called upon Gallagher to assist in developing their exhibits on this subject. (page 4) The Henry B. Betts Award 1993 Nomination Form Page 3 of 3 WHAT IS THE SINGLE MOST OUTSTANDING ASPECT OF THE NOMINEE'S CONTRIBUTIONS TO IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LIFE FOR PEOPLE WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITIES? Comments are to be typed and limited to the space on this side of the form. The most outstanding aspect of Hugh Gallagher's varied contributions to improving the quality of life of people with physical disabilities was to successfully place disability rights onto Congress's legislative agenda - and in the consciousness of its members - for the first time. Without hyperbole and largely unrecognized for his contribution, Gallagher may be rightly called the "father of federal disability rights law." In 1966, based on extensive personal experience with architectural impediments as a wheelchair user, Gallagher drafted the Architectural Barriers Act of 1968, the first federal disability rights statute. Within this short text - scarcely a page long ­ are key provisions that would be the model for two decades of subsequent legislation, culminating in the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 ("ADA"). The stated purpose of the Architectural Barriers Act was "to insure that certain buildings financed with federal funds are so designed and constructed as to be accessible to the physically handicapped." The Architectural Barriers Act contained several provisions: Section 1 of the legislation mandated that buildings either owned, leased, or financed by federal funds be accessible to people with disabilities. Sections 2 through 5 directed various government agencies to develop accessibility standards. These simple provisions became templates for later expansion of disability rights. For example, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 enlarged Section 1 beyond buildings to all activities operated or funded by the Federal Government. And later to improve accessibility standards, Congress under the Rehabilitation Act created the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board. Today, because of Gallagher's seminal contribution (and of course the hard work of hundreds of other advocates and their families), we take it for granted that people with disabilities have a right to participation, inclusion, and integration, however imperfect in practice. Perhaps, on reflection, the single most outstanding aspect of Gallagher's contributions has been his refusal to accept the world as it is, and to imagine how it might be - and finding a way to achieve it. Submitted by: Name Paul G. Hearne Signature (signature) Date May 31, 1993 (page 5) (logo) THE DOLE FOUNDATION FOR EMPLOYMENT OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES June 1, 1993 Secretary The Henry B. Betts Award 303 East Wacker Drive Suite 1031 Chicago, IL 60601 Dear Sir or Madam: Enclosed for your consideration are nomination papers for Hugh G. Gallagher. If you have any questions, please let me know. Thank you. Sincerely, (signature) Paul G. Hearne President 1819 H STREET. N.W. • WASHINGTON, D.C. 20006-3603 • 202-457-0318 (VOICE/TDD)• 457-0473 (FAX)